Daraio Research Group Caltech

Research

Introduction

Daraio's lab is primarily interested in:
  • Developing a physical understanding of how stress propagates in nonlinear, ordered and disordered solid media at length scales ranging from nanometers to meters.
  • Studing the fundamental connections between structure and function in different physical domains (temperature sensitivity, electrical conductivity, etc.).
  • Exploiting this understanding for the creation of new materials and devices for engineering applications ranging from optomechanics to shock absorption.
Prof. Daraio’s lab is focused on developing new materials with advanced mechanical and sensing properties, for application in wearable and medical devices, soft robotics, and shock/vibration absorption. Her lab is interested in understanding how different physical functions in materials arise from their micro- and meso-structure, in both ordered and disordered media, and their constitutive properties. Application of her research include new materials and methods for acoustic imaging and thermal sensing for health monitoring, smart and tunable fabrics, as well as sustainable materials for packaging and construction. Her group’s work is primarily experimental, but it is informed by numerical and analytical studies, which serve as a guide in new material design, fabrication and validation of their properties.

Mechanical Metamaterials

metamaterials
We design and test materials with unprecedented mechanical properties, by selecting constitutive materials with a tailored structural geometry. This allows us, for example, to create new acoustic metamaterials to control structural vibration and sound, and novel mechanical actuators for autonomous, soft robotics.

Related
Publications

Liu, K., Sun, R. and Daraio, C. "Growth rules for irregular architected materials with programmable properties", Science, 377(6609), 975-981, 2022 (PDF)
Kim, G., Portela, C.M., Celli, P., Palermo, A. and Daraio, C. "Poroelastic microlattices for underwater wave focusing", Extreme Mechanics Letters, 49, 101499, 2021 (PDF)

Wearable
Metamaterials

bacteria trap
We explore the potential applications of metamaterials in wearable and portable healthcare devices. For example, we create highly temperature-sensitive textiles and sensors to monitor body heat, reconfigurable chain mail materials for wearable exoskeletons, and ultrasonic metamaterials enable acoustic imaging of vital organs and their therapeutic neuromodulations.

Related
Publications

Kim, T.H., Zhou, Z., Choi, Y.S., Constanza, V., Wang, L., Bahng, J.H., Higdon, N.J., Yun, Y., Kang, H., Kim, S., Daraio, C. "Flexible biomimetic block copolymer composite for temperature and long-wave infrared sensing", Science Advances, 9, 6, 2023 (PDF)
Wang, L., Liuchi, L., Hofman, D., Andrade, J., Daraio, C. "Structured Fabrics with Tunable Mechanical Properties", Nature, 596, 238-252, 2021 (PDF)

Sustainable
Materials

metamaterials
We design novel sustainable materials based on biomass via extrusion 3D printing and compression molding. The development of such biomaterials offers the capability to produce complex and hierarchical structures with multifunctional properties for engineering applications.

Related
Publications

Roumeli, E., Hendrickx, R., Bonanomi, L., Vashisth, A., Rinaldi, K. and Daraio, C. "Biological matrix composites from cultured plant cells", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 119, 15, 2022 (PDF)
Roumeli, E., Ginsberg, L., McDonald, R., Spigolon, G., Hendrickx, R., Ohtani, M., Demura, T., Ravichandran, G., and Daraio, C. "Structure and Biomechanics during Xylem Vessel Transdifferentiation in Arabidopsis thaliana", Plants, 9, 1715, 2020 (PDF)